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职称英语卫生类语法辅导:主谓语一致(二)

2013-2-5  来自于:课评集

  I, as well as him, am ready for outing.

  He as much as us is responsible for it.

  2.谓语动词用单数形式的情形:

  (1)不定式短语、动名词及名词从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:

  To become doctors is their ambition.

  Reading without comprehension is no good.

  What that country needs is more jobs and lower taxes.

  (2)表示时 间、距离、重量、长度、价值等的名词,不论单复数,当作主语时,谓语动词均用单数形式。如:

  Twenty years is a long period of his life.

  Five thousand dollars is more than I can afford.

  (3)用and连接的名词或代词前有every, each, no, many a等修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:

  Every one of the figures was checked at least twice.

  (4)事件、国名、机构名称、书籍及其它作品的名称作主语时,谓语动词均用单数形式。

  The United Nations was formed in 1945.

  Great Expectation is a very famous novel.

  (5)限定词(each, every, one, many a, not only one, either, neither等)作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词一般是单数。如: Each of the students has a studying plan.

  Every cook praises his own broth.

  (6)and连接的两个名词或代词作主语时,如果指的是同一个人或指一种整体事物时,根据概念一致的原则,后面的动词要用单数形式。特别是and前的名词或代词前有冠词the,而and后的名词或代词前没有冠词the,须用单数谓语。

  Ham and eggs is often preferred to hamburgers.

  The manager and secretary was present at the meeting.

  这类名词还有:fish and chips, bread and butter,law and order,a cup and saucer,the needle and thread等。

  (7)短语“a deal (amount, proportion, quantity) 不可数名词”、“a portion (kind, series, species) of 名词“作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

  A large amount of oil was spilt on the road.

  A portion of goods has been transported to the city.

  (8)“the number of …”作主语时,谓语动词也用单数形式。如:

  The number of students is increasing every year in the school.

  3.谓语动词用复数形式的情形:

  当主语是下列情况时,谓语动词只能用复数形式。

  (1)由and或both…and…连接的短语作主语。(2.中的(6)例外)

  Both he and I are good at English.

  (2)常以复数形式出现的名词作主语。如:clothes, pants, shears, riches, remains等。

  (3)quantities后面的名词无论是可数名词的复数还是不可数名词,谓语都用复数形式。如:

  Large quantities of steam are used by modern industry in the generation of power.

  (4)“a number (group等) of…”作主语。如:

  A number of people are in the meeting room now.

  (5)不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词修饰。如:

  Six hundred square meters of housing have been built.

  (6)只能看作复数的集合名词作主语。这类集合名词有:cattle, poultry, youth, clergy, police,people, militia, vermin等。

  The cattle were grazing at the foot of the hill.

  (7)当两个形容词用and连接来修饰一个单数名词,实指两个事物时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

  The third and the fourth page are missing.