卫生类复习指导:词汇精讲The substance
1. The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate (B级)the speed of automobiles.
A) quicken B)shorten C) loosen D) enlarge
参考答案：A
答案解析：accelerate v.加速，促进，所以A(加快)是答案。shorten v.缩短，(使)变短；loosen v.解开，放松，松开；enlarge v.扩大，放大；词缀-en通常加在某些形容词的前面或后面，使其变成相应的动词，该词缀的含义是“使变得更加..”，如：enlarge就是“使变得更大/扩大”。
2. We should never content (B级)ourselves with only a little knowledge.
A) convince B)satisfy C) comfort D) benefit
参考答案：B
答案解析：根据句意(我们切不可…仅仅有一点点知识。)判断B(使满足)是答案。convince vt.使确信，使信服；benefit n.利益，好处vt.有益于，有助于；comfort n.安慰，舒适vt.安慰，使(痛苦等)缓和。
3. We should contemplated (B级)the problem from all sides.
A) deliberated B)thought C) described D) designed
参考答案：A
答案解析：借助搭配结构“…问题”排除B(think后通常带宾语从句或带介词)和D(D的词义为“设计”，因此D与“问题”搭配不合理)。根据句意(我们应该…问题的各个方面)判断A(仔细考虑)最合适。
4. His health had deteriorated (B级)while he was in prison.
A) became better B)became worse C) became stronger D) became weaker
参考答案：B
答案解析：借助搭配“健康…”，排除C和D(strong(强)和 weak(弱)都不能与“health/健康”搭配使用，只有“身体”才说强弱)，再借助句意(在监狱服刑期间他的健康…)判断B(变得更糟糕)最合理。deteriorate v.(使)恶化 。
5. How can we reduce the risk of cancer?
A) cut in B) cut down C) cut off D) cut out
参考答案：B
答案解析：划线词是基本词汇，其含义是“减少”，被选项是由同一动词组成的短语结构(提示：可以借助短语结构中某个单词的词义来推测短语可能具有的含义)，从“减少”这个词义来看，B最可能是答案(down 有“向下”的含义)。该句的大意是“我们怎样才能降低癌症的风险?”。cut in是“插话”；cut down是“减少，削减”；cut off是“中断，切断”；cut out是“切去，删除”。
6. The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.
A) continuously B) quickly C) excessively D) exceptionally
参考答案：A
答案解析：划线词steadily是“稳定地；不断地”，该词与A(不断地，连续地)是近义词。excessively是“过度地”；exceptionally是“例外地，异常地”，quickly是“很快地” 。该句的大意是“劳动力成本的持续上升已经大大地增加了通过水路运输货物的费用。”
7. His new girlfriend had omitted (B级)to tell him that she was married.
A)failed B) deleted C) refused D) rejected
参考答案：A
答案解析：借助划线词的搭配结构特点—带不定式结构，判断A(fail to do sth./没有…)和 C(refuse to do sth./拒绝做…)可能成为答案。从句意义上看“他新交的女友没有告诉他她结婚了。”更通顺，所以A是答案。omit是“遗漏，忽略，忘记”，delete(删去)和reject(拒绝，抵制)都是及物动词，后面必须带宾语。
8. If you want my advice，you should revise (B级)your plan for the trip to Beijing.
A) change B)exchange C) enlarge D) encourage
参考答案：A
答案解析：借助划线词所在的搭配结构“…你的计划” 判断A(改变)最合适。 该句句意是“如果你接受我的建议，你应该改变你北京之行的计划。” exchange是“互换，交流，兑换”；enlarge是“扩大，扩充”；encourage是“鼓励”，revise“修订，改变”。