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职称英语阅读理解题型的解题思路介绍

2013-1-17  来自于:课评集

  阅读理解题型的解题思路介绍

  一、掌握所读材料的主旨和大意(关键)

  对主题思想的提问是阅读理解测试的必考题。但提问方式及用词都有差异,这类题常见提问方式可归纳如下:

  1. The main idea of this passage is _______

  2. This passage tells us_______

  3. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

  4. Which of the following sentences best summarizes the authors main point?

  5. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?

  6. The subject matter of this selection is ______

  7. The passage mainly discusses_______

  8. This passage illustrates ______

  9. This paragraph centers / focuses on ______

  10. This passage mainly deals with ______

  11. This passage is chiefly concerned with ______

  12. The authors purpose in writing this passage is _______

  13. What is the passage mainly about?

  14. What is the best title of the passage?

  15. The major point discussed in the passage is

  解答这一类题目的基本方法如下:

  A.找主题句。

  首先要读标题(包含:主题句中的核心词或概括性词)。主题句一般位于文章或段落的开始,在解题时,凡是与主题句意思最接近的选项必然是正确的答案。

  B.概括和归纳出主题思想。(这个比较难)

  实际上,在阅读理解测试部分有的文章是没有主题句的。概括主题可以从归纳每段的要点开始(大部分阅读理解短文都是由数段组成),最后将各段要点集中概括并归纳出全文的主题思想。

  二、了解阐述主旨的事实和细节

  一般会引用事实、或分析原因、或对比事物间的关系等以论证论点。

  常用有两种:

  1、要求找出文章中的重要事实或细节,常与who,when,where,which或why有关。

  2、辨认哪些细节在文章中没被提及,常有except,not(mentioned/true),least等。

  回答这类题目,读者要:通读全文、掌握文章的中心大意的基础上,首先,看懂问题,明确问的是什么,然后,按照题意寻读,找到答案根据。

  三、利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义

  完整的语篇中,单词和词组的意义受特定的情景、上下文限制,因此可以根据上下文,并利用所掌握的句法、构词法和词汇等确定它们的意义。掌握这一基本技能不仅能帮助读者从词或词组的多种义项中选择符合上下文的解释,而且往往还能推测某些生词的大致意思。

  常见的这类题型有:

  1. The word "..." in line ... refers to ______.

  2. The expression "..." (line paragraph ...) is closest in meaning to

  3. In line.., the word "..." most probably means ________

  4. In line.., the word "..." could best be replaced by _________

  5. By "..." the author means _________

  6. The word "...", as used by the author, most nearly means ________

  7. In this passage, the word "..." means

  8. "..." in the context of the passage refers to

  _________

  9. "...", as used in the passage, can best be defined as _________

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