解析:
Weight on and off the Earth 直译题目就是:在地球上和不在地球上的重量
首先我们可以大致浏览一下每一段话的段首,看看能不能通过找到中心句了解每段的大意,和文章的大致意思。
第一段,这段话第一句很长,其实意思就是我们经常习惯于地球上的生活,所以很难摆脱我们认为理所当然的思想。这句话很抽象,但是后文就就举例说明了,比如说重量,我们认为一个物体的重量是一定的,但事实是不一定的。后面就举了更加详细的例子来证明这个观点。1磅重的黄油如果原理地球4000英里,重量就仅为原来的1/4.所以第一题如果4磅重的茶叶离开地球表面4000英里远,重量是多少呢?通过简单的计算,我们可以得出应该是1磅,所以答案选择A
我们顺便看一下第二题的题目,里面涉及到了break free from
ideas...我们在第一段的第一句话就见到过这个表达方式,因为我们习惯于地球上的生活,所以就难以摆脱我们认为理所应当的思想。换言之,我们就是对周围的事物太过熟悉,已经习惯了。所以才没有怀疑,所以这里说法B符合题意。
第二段话第一句就是中心句Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space?很显然这段话是解释了上述现象的原因。我们紧接着往下看原因是:All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction.所有的物体对其他物体都有一种吸引力,称为万有引力。两个物体离得越远,这种万有引力就越小。通过对上诉现象原因的阐明,我们就能理解这里的“weight”一词,所以第三题的说法我们很容易就能判断出正误。A
比较有迷惑性,但是我们要知道任何物体之间都有引力,所以即使原离地球没有了地球的引力,也可能受到其他物体的引力,所以物体的重量是不定的。
第三题问的是我们为什么感觉不到地球对一篮黄油的地球引力。最后一段解释了原因,The amount of gravitational pull that
a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.一个物体万有引力的大小取决有该物体所含物质的数量。一桶黄油虽然有其自身的万有引力,但是与月球、地球或者太阳比,自身的引力非常渺小。所以我们是看不到一桶黄油岁地球的引力的。所以答案选择B
最后一题是主旨大意题,通过对文章的分析以及前几题的理解,我们已经大致掌握了本文章的大意,其实就是介绍了万有引力对物体重量的影响。
Almost Human?
Scientists are racing to build the worlds first thinking robot. This is not science fiction: some say they will have made it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports.
Machines that walk, speak and feel are no longer science fiction. Kismet is the name of an android (机器人) which scientists "have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it can show human emotions. Its eyes, ears and lips move to show when it feels happy, sad or bored. Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids —— robots that look like human beings —— which can imitate human feelings. Cog, another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother. However, scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old.
The optimists (乐观主义者) say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids (机器人) with brains similar to those of an adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do? In the future, robots like Robonaut, a humanoid invented by NASA, will be doing dangerous jobs, like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us. In Japan, scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.
Some people worry about what the future holds: will robots become monsters (怪物)? Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers, connected to the Internet, in the future. People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body, which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets (小装置). Perhaps we should not exaggerate (夸大) the importance of technology, but one wonders whether, in years to come, we will still be falling in love, and whether we will still feel pain. Who knows?
1 Kismet is different from traditional robots because
A it thinks for itself.
B it is not like science fiction.
C it can look after two-year-olds.
D it seems to have human feelings.
2 What makes Cog special?
A It looks like a mother.
B It behaves like a child.
C It can imitate the behavior of a mother
D It has a huge brain.