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职称英语理工类语法辅导资料:介词的意义(三)

2012-12-22  来自于:课评集

  一般about用于比较随便的谈话或非正式的文体;on用于正式的讲话、着作或报告中;of用于动词talk, read, know, say, hear, boast等的后面。如:

  What are you talking about?

  A paper on serfdom in Russian

  In terms of natural resources

  6.表示原料的介词

  of和out of表示制成品的材料仍保持原材料的性质;with表示制成产品的一种成分;from表示制成品已失去了原材料的性质;in表示制成品的材料的色调或特殊性。

  His house was built of brick.

  She made these toys out of old cigar-boxes.

  A fruitcake is made with fruit.

  Steel is made from iron.

  We have furniture of this design in oak and in walnut.:

  7.表示价格的介词

  at和for都可表示价格,at仅表示价格,for还表示“交换”,如:

  Eggs are sold at 95 cents a dozen here.

  I bought it for five pounds.

  8.表示其它意义的介词

  in spite of, despite, for(all…), with(all…)等表示让步意义的介词。其中:despite较为正式,in spite of较为普遍,for/with(all…)较为口语化。

  In spite of / despite the bad weather 尽管天气不好

  For / with all his shortcomings 尽管他有许多缺点

  Except和but表示不包含的意义,只是单纯地将其后面所接的人或事物排除在外,一般不用于句首,多跟在表示一个集体的名词或代词后作定语。

  He gets up early every day except Sunday.

  Who would do such a thing but Peter?

  Except for和apart from表示不包含的意义,所引导的短语,主要用于状语,以修饰全句,意为“除了有……之外”,“只是……”等,用于引出一个相反的细节或原因,因而部分地修正了全句的主要意思。

  Except for Jack, the whole class passed the test.

  Apart from its cost, the plan was a good one.

  Except for和but for表示不包含的意义,可以引导有否定意义的条件状语从句。

  Except for / But for the storm we should have arrived earlier.

  except 指从整体中除去一部分,而besides则表示“除……之外还有……”的意义。

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