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Even Intelligent People Can Fail
1 The striking thing about the innovators who succeeded in making our modern world is how
often they failed．Turn oil a light，take a photograph，watch TV，search the web，jet across the
Pacific Ocean．talk on a cellphone(手机)．The innovators who left us these things had to find the
way to success through a maze(错综复杂)of wrong turns．
2 We have just celebrated the 125th anniversary of American innovator Thomas Edison’s
success in heating n thin line to white，hot heat for 14 hours in his lab in New Jersey，US．He did
that on October 22．1879．and followed up a month later by keeping a thread of common
cardboard alight(点亮着的)in an airless space for 45 hours．Three years later he went on to light
up half a square mile of downtown Manhattan，even though only one of the six power plants in
his design worked when he turned it on，on September 4，1882．
3 “Many of 1ife’S failures”the supreme innovator said．“are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up”Before that magical moment in October 1879．
Edison had worked out no fewer than 3．000 theories about electric light．But in only two cases did
his experiments work．
4 N0 one likes failure，but the smart innovators learn from it．Mark Gumz．the head of the
camera maker Olympus America Inc．attributes some of the company’S successes in technology
to understanding failure．His popular phrase is：“You only fail when you quit”
5 0ver two centuries，the most common quality of the innovators has been persistence That is
another way of saying they had the emotional ability to keep up what they were doing．Walt
Disney，the founder of Disneyland，was so broke after a succession of financial failures that he
was left shoeless in his office because he could not afford the US$1．50 to get his shoes from the
repair shop．Pioneering Car maker Henry Ford failed with one company and was forced out of
another before he developed the Model T Car．
6 Failure is harder to bear in today’s open，accelerated world．Hardly any innovation works
the first time But an impatient society and the media want instant success When American
music and movie master David Geffen had a difficult time，a critic said nastily that the only
difference between Geffen Records (Geffen’s company)and the Titanic(the ship that went down) was that the Titanic had better music．Actually，it wasn’t．After four years of 10sses．Geffen had so many hits(成功的作品)he could afford a ship as big as the Titanic all to himself．