语法辅导:副词和反复代词
1.修饰功能
2.副词的位置
A短语之中depend largely on,different fundamentally from
stem largely from,result partially from
B副 限 形 名adv. 限定词 n转
almost all,not a woman
approximately 272,nearly a hundred 23 boys
C并列连词之后,从属连词之前
and thus,and thereby,and therefore;
and then,and even,and also;and not,and yet;or even
long before,simply because,ever since,only if,even though
3.用于修饰比较级
rather,much,even,far,vastly,fairly,a lot,considerably
a bit,a little,a little/bit,slightly,somewhat
4.greatly只修饰动词及分词,much不修饰形容词原形
great/greater great/greatly
5.副词的最高级可不加定冠词
flies live longest in the cool temperature.
6.so与such的用法
so主要用作副词,代词;such主要用作形容词和代词。这两个词都可以与that搭配使用,形成“如此…以至于…”的语意,在“so…that-.’结构中so是副词,在"such…that…”的结构中such是形容词,因为词性的不同,所以考生使用这两个词的时候要注意:such修饰名词性结构,so修饰形容词或副词。例如
She had such茧自缚a fright(名词)that she fainted.她吓得昏倒了。
It is so small(形容词)that you cannot see it.小得你看不出来。
代词
测试重点
与所指代的名词在数上一致;
与所指代的名词在性上一致;
与所指代的名词在格上一致;
反身代词
语法规则:动作的发出者(主语)与动作的承受者(宾语)一致时,则必须用反身代词,不一致则不可用反身代词。
e.g.when her violation of school rules(主语)forced her t0 quit school,she went to Beijing and opened a factory there.(错误)
反复代词
1.that指代不可数名词或抽象可数名词单数,经常出现在"that of..”结构中;
one指代泛指可数名词单数,即代具体可数名词单数,复数为ones;
2.与比较结构一同出现,例如:
These designs ale inferior to those proposed by the German company.这些设计图不如那家德国公司提供的设计图。
inferior tosuperior tosenior tojunior to prior to
posterior to prefer A to Bbe preferable differ frombe compared with
in comparison withbe different fromrather than
介词
1.时间介词
常见的时间介词有in,at,on,for,within等,它们分别与表示时间的词语构成句子中的时间状语,如:
in:
in(the)spring在春天。in two months在两个月内;过两个月后。in those days在当时。in a few days几天以后,几天之内
at:
at five oclock在5点。at noon在中。at Christmas在圣诞节。at(the age of)forty年四十
On:
on Sunday在星期日。on the morning of May 5th在五月五日的早晨。on arriving home一到家(就)。
for:
for hours[days,years]有(好)几小时[(好)几天,(好)几年]
within:
within a week在一个星期内。