第二篇 Forty May Be the New 30 As Scientists Redefine Age
Is 40 really the new 30? In many ways people today act younger than their parents did at the same age.
Scientists have defined a new age concept and believe it could explain why populations are aging， but at the same time seem to be getting younger.
Instead of measuring aging by how long people have lived， the scientists have factored in how many more years people can probably still look forward to.
"Using that measure， the average person can get younger in the sense that he or she can have even more years to live as time goes on，" said Warren Sanderson of the University of New York in Stony Brook.
He and Sergei Scherbov of the Vienna lnstitute of Demography （人口统计学） at the Austrian （奥地利的） Academy of Sciences， have used their method to estimate how the proportion of elderly people in Germany， Japan and the United States will change in the future.
The average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years， according to research reported in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
However， by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 37.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur at around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000.
"As people have more and more years to live they have to save more and plan more and they effectively are behaving as if they were younger，" said Sanderson.
Five years ago， the average American was 35.3 years old and could plan for 43.5 more years of life. By 2050， the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years.
"A lot of our ski/Is， our education， our savings and the way we dear with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live，" said Sanderson.
This dimension of how many years people have to live has been completely ignored in the discussion of aging so far.
36 People 40 years of age today seem to be as young as
A their parents were at the same age.
B their parents were at the age of 30.
C their children will be at the same age.
D their children will be at the age of 30.
37 The new age concept was developed out of the notion of
A "future years".
B "average years".
C "past years".
D "school years".
38 In 2000， middle age for the average German occurred
A at 37.1 years.
B at 40 years.
C at 39.2 years.
D at 52 years.
39 By 2050， the average American will live to
A the age of 41.7.
B the age of 45.8.
C the age of 78.8.
D the age of 87.5.
40 Which is NOT affected by the number of years we have to live?
A Our education.
B Our savings.
C The way we handle our health care.
D The number of years we have lived.